Mumbai Veterinary College is the oldest and premier Veterinary College of India and Asia. The first known inhabitants of the islands were the Koli community, ethnic group dedicated to fishing, and whose villages can still be found around Mumbai today. Sir George Oxenden, the First Governorof Bombay under the English East India Company (1668-1669) [171][172], Tropical cyclones are rare in the city, The worst cyclone to ever impact Mumbai was the one in 1948 where gusts reached 151km/h (94mph) in Juhu. [226] The city played host to the Indian National Congress six times during its first 50 years, and became a strong base for the Indian independence movement during the 20th century. Bombay or Mumbai, this great bustling city was developed by "migrants . The term had been in use for quite some time but it gained popularity after the official name change to Mumbai. Its fleet consists of single-decker, double-decker, vestibule, low-floor, disabled-friendly, air-conditioned and Euro III compliant diesel and compressed natural gas powered buses. Till the 17th century, Mumbai (earlier known as Bombay) was a combination of seven small islands in the Arabian Sea. Mazagaon 6. 191 rakes (train-sets) of 9 car and 12 car composition are utilised to run a total of 2,226 train services in the city. [438], In Hockey, Mumbai is home to the Mumbai Marines and Mumbai Magicians in the World Series Hockey and Hockey India League respectively. [59][60], Bombay Presidency 18431947 Bombay State 1947-1960Maharashtra 1960Present, Mumbai is built on what was once an archipelago of seven islands: Isle of Bombay, Parel, Mazagaon, Mahim, Colaba, Worli, and Old Woman's Island (also known as Little Colaba). The Kolis Of Bombay: The Original Residents Of The City - Culture Trip [147] The city district region is also commonly referred to as the Island City or South Mumbai. [441] In the second season, the final of the 2016 Premier Badminton League was held between home-squad Mumbai Rockets and the Delhi Dashers (formerly Delhi Acers), the visitors eventually claiming the title. The 7 Islands of Bombay/Mumbai Bombay, now Mumbai, more - Yumpu [296], Mumbai is served by two major ports, Mumbai Port Trust and Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust, which lies just across the creek in Navi Mumbai. [118] In September 1896, Mumbai was hit by a bubonic plague epidemic where the death toll was estimated at 1,900 people per week. During the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence movement. Henry Gary formally transferred the island along with its live and dead stock, arms, ammunition, men, and cash amounting to 4879 pounds, 7 shillings and 6 pence. [199] Although Mumbai had prominently figured as the hub of economic activity of India in the 1990s, the Mumbai Metropolitan Region's contribution to India's GDP is currently declining. Source: Wikimedia Commons. Buy Now * Map Showing the Seven Islands in Mumbai. [328] In the east are factories and some slums. Erected in 1431, this magnificent structure pays homage to the revered Muslim saint, Haji Ali. Thus began the story of the establishment of the city of Bombay , which is presently the financial capital of India and is one of the country's largest metropolises. In 1954 Hindustan Petroleum comissoned Mumbai Refinery at Trombay and BPCL Refinery. [412] Moreover, the University of Mumbai was ranked 5th in the list of best universities in India by India Today in 2013[413] and ranked at 62 in the QS BRICS University rankings for 2013, a ranking of leading universities in the five BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). In the newer suburbs, modern buildings dominate the landscape. [151], Under colonial rule, tanks were the only source of water in Mumbai, with many localities having been named after them. [61] It is not exactly known when these islands were first inhabited. [308][309], About 700million (70crore) litres of water, out of a daily supply of 3.5billion (350crore) litres, is lost by way of water thefts, illegal connections and leakages, per day in Mumbai. Mumbai has a large polyglot population like all other metropolitan cities of India. By 1626 there was a great warehouse, a friary, a fort and a ship-building yard. The city is also home to the Bollywood film industry which entertains millions and millions of people across the globe. [274] The MumbaiChennai and MumbaiDelhi prongs of the Golden Quadrilateral system of National Highways start from the city. [216] The mayor, who serves for a term of two and a half years, is chosen through an indirect election by the councillors from among themselves. The Portuguese established a trading center there, including products such as silk, muslin, chintz, onyx, rice, cotton and tobacco. Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, Malayalam, Odia, Punjabi, Sindhi, Tulu, Assamese, Bengali, Bhojpuri are other minority languages spoken in Mumbai. [31][144][197] It serves as an economic hub of India; as of 2006, Mumbai contributed 10% of the nation's factory employment, 25% of industrial output, 33% of income tax collections, 60% of customs duty collections, 20% of central excise tax collections, 40% of foreign trade, and 40 billion (equivalent to 130billion or US$1.6billion in 2023) in corporate taxes. [141] The three coordinated bomb explosions in July 2011 that occurred at the Opera house, Zaveri Bazaar and Dadar were the latest in the series of terrorist attacks in Mumbai which resulted in 26 deaths and 130 injuries. This group of islands formed a part of the kingdom of Ashoka, the famed Buddhist emperor of India. Antop Hill Sewri Hill Gilbert Hill Worli Hill Pali Hill Mazgaon Hill Sion Hill Mahakali Hill Golanji Hill Pulshachi Dongri Salamati Hill Kanheri Hill There are three hill ranges with the city limits. 20,000 for it. [168] The record high is 42.2C (108F) set on 14 April 1952,[171] and the record low is 7.4C (45F) set on 27 January 1962. Mumbai bears the distinction of being the most cosmopolitan city of India. The Tansa lake supplies water to the western suburbs and parts of the island city along the Western Railway. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second-most. [166] The cooler season from December to February is followed by the hotter season from March to May. [223] Mumbai also has two lower courts, the Small Causes Court for civil matters, and the Sessions Court for criminal cases. [344], The religious groups represented in Greater Mumbai as of 2011 include Hindus (65.99%), Muslims (20.65%), Buddhists (4.85%), Jains (4.10%), Christians (3.27%) and Sikhs (0.49%). Mumbai City has its history which many of us don't know, Mumbai was an archipelago of "seven Islands", namely Colaba, Mazagaon, Mahim, Parel, Bombay Island, Worli and Old Woman's Island. [194][195] In December 2019, IIT Bombay, in partnership with the McKelvey School of Engineering of Washington University in St. Louis, launched the Aerosol and Air Quality Research Facility to study air pollution in Mumbai, among other Indian cities. The work progressed further under the governorship of Nicolas Waite, who appointed William Aislabi to undertake the work of closing the inlets to the north in 1704. [124], The Samyukta Maharashtra movement to create a separate Maharashtra state including Mumbai was at its height in the 1950s. The government-funded institutions include the Jehangir Art Gallery and the National Gallery of Modern Art. Mumbai is located at the west coast of Maharashtra, and is seen as an integral natural harbour that records about 70 % of the marine trade of India. On the same date they had written and requested the Crowns Governor in Bombay to give effect to the transfer. [37][38] In 1508, Portuguese writer Gaspar Correia used the name "Bombaim" in his Lendas da ndia (Legends of India). [158] The coastline of the city is indented with numerous creeks and bays, stretching from the Thane creek on the [89] They called the islands by various names, which finally took the written form Bombaim. The cumulative effect of these measures was the joining of the seven islands and the emergence of an island city. These islands were form. Data has been provided by organisations of the Ministry of Culture. [349], Native Christians include East Indian Catholics, who were converted by the Portuguese during the 16th century,[350] while Goan and Mangalorean Catholics also constitute a significant portion of the Christian community of the city. It could also give them better protection from pirates as well as from the Indian powers and European rivals. The sluices were to be made at such a height that would prevent sea water from re-entering when they were opened to drain out rain water. Sir George Oxenden, the President of Surat Council, became the Governor of Bombay. Following the demolition of the Babri Masjid in Ayodhya, the city was rocked by the Hindu-Muslim riots of 199293 in which more than 1,000people were killed. Almost no built legacy remains from the medieval period, with one important exception. MORE INFO. Get best deals on travel, receive travel tips and travel stories instantly Subscribe to Nativeplanet. Gujarati with 2,640,990 speakers is spoken by 20.4% of the population. [353] Parsis migrated to India from Greater Iran following the Muslim conquest of Persia in the seventh century. [130], The following decades saw massive expansion of the city and its suburbs. Its strongest scores in the QS University Rankings: BRICS are for papers per faculty (8th), employer reputation (20th) and citations per paper (28th). [87] Growing apprehensive of the power of the Mughal emperor Humayun, Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujarat was obliged to sign the Treaty of Bassein with the Portuguese Empire on 23 December 1534. Nariman Point and Bandra Kurla Complex (BKC) are Mumbai's major financial centres. [120] While the city was the capital of the Bombay Presidency, the Indian independence movement fostered the Quit India Movement in 1942 and the Royal Indian Navy mutiny in 1946. [372][373], Contemporary art is featured in both government-funded art spaces and private commercial galleries. Mumbai will host the 140th IOC Session in 2023. [27][115] On 16 April 1853, India's first passenger railway line was established, connecting Mumbai to the neighbouring town of Thana (now Thane). Name of 7 islands of mumbai 1845 land Reclamation Project The name Bombay allegedly comes from the Portuguese Bom Bahia ("good bay"). However, for the English Company these islands were of great political and economic interests. [431] The city based Mumbai Indians compete in the Indian Premier League. What do we mean by 'transformed'? Navi Mumbai is east of Thane Creek and Thane is north of Vasai Creek. With this, about 400 acres of land was reclaimed, drained and was rented out for farming. Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC, also known as ST)[262] buses provide intercity transport connecting Mumbai with other towns and cities of Maharashtra and nearby states.